The UHDB Medical Museum comprises of over 1,500 objects dating from 1790, that relate to the history of the hospital. The objects were discovered in storage rooms at the former Derbyshire Royal Infirmary site in 2007. The Library and Knowledge Service have been custodians of the museum collection since 2008.

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The collection comprises of objects from many Derby hospitals, with significant collections from:

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We also have smaller collections relating to the Derbyshire Children's Hospital (1877-1996), Derbyshire Hospital for Women (1891-1987) the Queen Mary Maternity Home (1921-1986) Bretby Orthopaedic Hospital, Bretby (1926-1997) Derby City Hospital, (1929-2005) and Queens Hospital Burton, Belvedere Road (1930-)

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All of these hospitals were privately run by Committee's or Boards until they were absorbed by the National Health Service upon its formation on the 5th of July 1948.